How many cusps does the aortic valve have?

The aortic valve typically has three cusps, which is the standard anatomical configuration. These cusps are known as the left coronary cusp, the right coronary cusp, and the non-coronary cusp. The function of the aortic valve is to regulate blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta, ensuring that blood flows in one direction—out of the heart and into the systemic circulation.

This tri-cuspid design is crucial for maintaining proper hemodynamics during the cardiac cycle, as it allows for effective closure during diastole to prevent the backflow of blood into the left ventricle. Variations, such as bicuspid aortic valves, do occur but are less common and can lead to specific pathological conditions. The presence of three cusps is what makes the configuration of the aortic valve standard in most individuals and contributes to its ability to function correctly during the cardiac cycle.